Question 7 - Acute and Recent HIV Infection Question Bank

HIV Clinical Care Question Bank

Acute and Recent HIV InfectionQuestion 7/10

A 23-year-old woman is newly diagnosed with early HIV infection. She is believed to have acquired HIV from a male partner approximately 5 weeks prior.

Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding HIV transmission from persons with early HIV infection?

Persons with early HIV are unlikely to transmit HIV at this stage because of high titers of HIV-neutralizing antibodies

Persons with early HIV are unlikely to transmit HIV at this stage because of high cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity

Persons with early HIV are unlikely to transmit HIV to others at this stage because of low systemic and genital HIV levels

Persons with early HIV are significantly more likely to transmit HIV than persons with chronic HIV

Figure 1. Calculated Probability of HIV Transmission Over Time

This graphic shows the calculated probabilities for transmission from a male to female over time after initial HIV infection. The model shows the probabilities for males in the 25th (gray), 50th (brown), and 90th (blue) percentile of semen HIV-1 RNA levels.

Source: Pilcher CD, Tien HC, Eron JJ Jr, et al. Brief but efficient: acute HIV infection and the sexual transmission of HIV. J Infect Dis. 2004;189:1785-92.

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Question Last Updated
May 3rd, 2026

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