Key Populations

Key Populations Overview3rd Edition

Module Core Competency

Apply Evidence-Based Care Recommendations for Key Populations of Persons Living with HIV

Target Audience

The Key Populations module is intended for any medical provider involved in the care of key populations of persons with HIV.

Editor

David H. Spach, MD

David H. Spach, MD
Professor of Medicine
Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases
University of Washington

Disclosures: None

Free CNE/CME

Available in the

Key Populations Self-Study Module

Module Lessons

1Lesson 1 HIV in Infants and Children

Learning Objectives
- Discuss basic epidemiologic features of perinatally-acquired HIV and pediatric HIV in the United States
- Explain the timing and types of diagnostic tests used to diagnose HIV in infants less than 1 year of age and in older children
- List symptoms and classification of HIV in children using the most recent CDC surveillance case definition for pediatric HIV
- Summarize antiretroviral therapy management in children, including initiation, adverse effects, and approach to virologic failure
- Discuss opportunistic infection prevention recommendations for infants and children and how these recommendations are influenced by a child’s age and stage of HIV
Quick ReferenceHIV in Infants and Children Core Concepts

2Lesson 2 HIV in Adolescents and Young Adults

Learning Objectives
- Explain current epidemiologic features of HIV in adolescents and young adults in the United States
- Discuss factors that increase the risk of adolescents and young adults acquiring HIV
- List appropriate antiretroviral regimens for adolescents and young adults
- Summarize indications and recommendations for HIV preexposure prophylaxis in adolescents and young adults
- Describe approaches for successful transition of young adults with HIV into adult primary care HIV practice settings
Quick ReferenceHIV in Adolescents and Young Adults Core Concepts

3Lesson 3 HIV in Women

Learning Objectives
- Describe key epidemiologic features of women with HIV in the United States
- Summarize contraception options and recommendations for women with HIV
- Discuss recommended antiretroviral regimens for women who may become pregnant
- Identify conception strategies for heterosexual HIV-serodifferent couples desiring pregnancy
- List appropriate steps for evaluation and management of vaginal discharge
Quick ReferenceHIV in Women Core Concepts

4Lesson 4 HIV in Older Adults

Learning Objectives
- Recognize age-related and HIV-related changes to the immune systems of people 50 years of age and older
- Discuss the interplay of HIV and the aging process within the framework of accelerated and accentuated aging
- List recommendations for antiretroviral therapy management in persons 50 years of age and older.
- Explain expected virologic and immunologic responses to antiretroviral therapy in persons 50 years of age and older.
- Highlight comorbidities that more commonly occur in older adults with HIV
Quick ReferenceHIV in Older Adults Core Concepts

5Lesson 5 HIV and Corrections

Learning Objectives
- Explain the difference between prisons and jails
- Discuss trends in HIV rates in state and federal prisons
- List different types of HIV testing practices conducted in correctional facilities
- Describe issues related to HIV medication administration and adherence within correctional facilities
- Summarize recommendations for linking persons with HIV to clinical care after release from a correctional facility
Quick ReferenceHIV and Corrections Core Concepts

6Lesson 6 HIV in Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations

Learning Objectives
- Examine disparities in HIV incidence and prevalence rates among racial/ethnic minority groups in the United States
- Compare HIV diagnosis rates and care base on race/ethnicity
- Describe disparities in HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) coverage among different racial/ethnic groups
- Identify factors associated with health inequities among racial and ethnic minority populations of persons living with HIV and those at risk for HIV acquisition compared to white populations
- Summarize strategies for prevention, testing, and care among racial and ethnic minority populations
Quick ReferenceHIV in Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations Core Concepts

7Lesson 7 HIV in Sexual and Gender Minority Populations

Learning Objectives
- Contrast HIV prevalence rates among sexual and gender minority populations with those in the general population
- Describe challenges in health promotion and health care access for sexual and/or gender minority individuals
- Recognize aspects of care unique to gender and sexual minority persons
- Summarize unique medical management issues for transgender persons living with HIV who are taking hormone therapy
- Discuss gender-affirming care in persons with HIV
Quick ReferenceHIV in Sexual and Gender Minority Populations Core Concepts

8Lesson 8 HIV-2 Infection

Learning Objectives
- Contrast HIV-2 and HIV-1 epidemiology, natural history, and pathogenesis
- Describe diagnostic testing for HIV-2
- Summarize susceptibility of HIV-2 to antiretroviral medications
- Discuss antiretroviral treatment recommendations for persons with HIV-2
- Explain challenges with monitoring after starting antiretroviral therapy for HIV-2
Quick ReferenceHIV-2 Infection Core Concepts

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