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Antiretroviral Therapy.

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Evaluation and Management of Virologic FailureQuestion 5/10

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A 23-year-old man with a CD4 count of 386 cells/mm3 took the antiretroviral regimen efavirenz-tenofovir DF-emtricitabine and did well on this regimen for about 18 months, with persistently undetectable HIV RNA levels. Subsequently, he had a 6-month period of poor adherence and the HIV RNA level increased to 2,320 copies/mL. A genotype is performed and two significant mutations are identified: M184V and K103N. No other mutations are reported.

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the K103N mutation?

The K103N mutation causes high-level resistance to efavirenz and nevirapine, but has insignificant impact on doravirine, etravirine, and rilpivirine.
Figure 1. Impact of K103N Mutation on Activity of NNRTI Medications
The K103N mutation causes high-level resistance to efavirenz and nevirapine, but has insignificant impact on doravirine, etravirine, and rilpivirine.
Source: illustration by David H. Spach, MD
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Question Last Updated
January 28th, 2025

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