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A 22-year-old woman has an exposure to HIV after a condom broke while having vaginal sex with her male partner who has HIV. She is unsure of his current viral load or whether he has been adherent to antiretroviral therapy. She did not seek care at that time but is now seen 3 weeks later.

Using a laboratory-based HIV-1/2 antigen-antibody immunoassay for follow-up HIV testing, which one of the following statements is TRUE?

This graphic shows the time course for a laboratory-based HIV-1/2 antigen-antibody immunoassay positivity in 25%, 50%, 75% and 99% of persons following HIV acquisition. As shown, 99% of persons have a positive HIV-1/2 antigen-antibody test at 44.3 days after HIV acquisition. These data are from 222 longitudinally collected plasma specimens in the United States from persons with HIV-1 seroconversion.
Figure 1. Timing of HIV-1/2 Antigen-Antibody Immunoassay Reactivity Following HIV Acquisition
This graphic shows the time course for a laboratory-based HIV-1/2 antigen-antibody immunoassay positivity in 25%, 50%, 75% and 99% of persons following HIV acquisition. As shown, 99% of persons have a positive HIV-1/2 antigen-antibody test at 44.3 days after HIV acquisition. These data are from 222 longitudinally collected plasma specimens in the United States from persons with HIV-1 seroconversion.
Source: Delaney KP, Hanson DL, Masciotra S, Ethridge SF, Wesolowski L, Owen SM. Time Until Emergence of HIV Test Reactivity Following Infection With HIV-1: Implications for Interpreting Test Results and Retesting After Exposure. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;64:53-9.
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Question Last Updated
January 28th, 2025

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