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Prevention of HIV Overview3rd Edition

Module Core Competency

Apply Evidence-Based Recommendations for the Prevention of HIV Transmission

Target Audience

Explore how to identify and implement strategies to prevent HIV transmission related to perinatal transmission, treatment of HIV as prevention, occupational and nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis, and preexposure prophylaxis.

Editor

David H. Spach, MD

David H. Spach, MD
Professor of Medicine
Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases
University of Washington

Disclosures: None

1Lesson 1 Preventing Perinatal HIV Transmission

Learning Objectives
- Explain the mechanisms of perinatal HIV transmission and interventions to reduce the risks of perinatal HIV transmission
- List preferred initial antiretroviral regimens for pregnant women with HIV
- Discuss indications for use of intravenous zidovudine and cesarean section for pregnant women with HIV
- Describe recommended antiretroviral prophylaxis for infants born to pregnant women with HIV
- Summarize recommendations for initial management of infants exposed to HIV, including HIV diagnostic testing and monitoring
Quick ReferencePreventing Perinatal HIV Transmission Core Concepts

2Lesson 2 Preventing HIV Transmission in Persons with HIV

Learning Objectives
- Explain the concept of HIV treatment as prevention
- Summarize key studies that demonstrate the benefit of antiretroviral therapy in preventing HIV transmission
- Describe the interplay of HIV status awareness, HIV RNA suppression, and HIV transmission
- Highlight evidence-based behavioral and structural strategies to reduce HIV transmission
- Identify major biomedical strategies to reduce transmission of HIV
Quick ReferencePreventing HIV Transmission in Persons with HIV Core Concepts

3Lesson 3 Occupational Postexposure Prophylaxis

Learning Objectives
- Discuss risk for occupational acquisition of HIV with a needlestick injury
- State the rationale for using occupational HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP)
- Describe current indications for the use of occupational HIV PEP, including strategies for risk assessment following an occupational exposure
- Summarize recommended antiretroviral therapy regimens and duration of therapy for occupational HIV PEP
- List recommended clinical and laboratory monitoring following occupational exposure to HIV
Quick ReferenceOccupational Postexposure Prophylaxis Core Concepts

4Lesson 4 Nonoccupational Postexposure Prophylaxis

Learning Objectives
- Describe indications for the use of HIV nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (PEP)
- Summarize appropriate antiretroviral therapy regimens and duration of therapy for HIV nonoccupational PEP
- List recommended clinical and laboratory monitoring following nonoccupational exposure to HIV
- Identify appropriate candidates for transition from HIV nonoccupational PEP to HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
- Discuss indications for obtaining expert consultation for HIV nonoccupational PEP
Quick ReferenceNonoccupational Postexposure Prophylaxis Core Concepts

5Lesson 5 HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)

Learning Objectives
- List persons to consider who may benefit from HIV PrEP
- Explain recommendations for testing and counseling prior to starting HIV PrEP
- Discuss the recommended HIV PrEP regimens, including dosing, safety, efficacy, and clinical eligibility
- Describe recommended clinical and laboratory baseline evaluation and monitoring for persons receiving HIV PrEP
- Summarize initial management of persons who develop HIV while receiving HIV PrEP
Quick ReferenceHIV Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Core Concepts

The Check-on-Learning Questions are short and topic related. They are meant to help you stay on track throughout each lesson and check your understanding of key concepts.

Screening and Diagnosis

Basic HIV Primary Care

Antiretroviral Therapy

Co-Occurring Conditions